āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ đ WBHRB āĻ¸ā§āĻāĻžāĻĢ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¸ CBT āĻā§āĻ¸ā§āĻ â 6
𧎠āĻā§āĻāĻ: đ WBHRB āĻ¸ā§āĻāĻžāĻĢ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¸ CBT āĻā§āĻ¸ā§āĻ â 6
𧎠āĻŽā§āĻ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨: 50 āĻāĻŋ
âą āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻž: 60 Minute
â āĻ¨ā§āĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻ : -0.5 āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ā§
â ī¸ āĻā§āĻāĻ āĻļā§āĻˇ āĻšāĻ˛ā§ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĻāĻā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻ°ā§āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻ āĻĻā§āĻāĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
Time over
đ WBHRB āĻ¸ā§āĻāĻžāĻĢ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¸ CBT āĻā§āĻ¸ā§āĻ â 6
1 / 50
1. A patient with PaCOâ 60 mmHg on ventilator â what adjustment is required?
Increase respiratory rate or tidal volume to remove more COâ.
2 / 50
2. What does PEEP in mechanical ventilation stand for?
PEEP = Positive End Expiratory Pressure; keeps alveoli open at end of expiration.
3 / 50
3. A diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) patient shows pH 7.10, PaCOâ 20 mmHg, HCOââģ 10 mEq/L. What does this show?
Metabolic acidosis due to ketoacids; respiratory compensation through hyperventilation.
4 / 50
4. pH 7.44, PaCOâ 30 mmHg, HCOââģ 20 mEq/L â interpretation?
Normal pH with both low COâ and low HCOââģ = fully compensated respiratory alkalosis.
5 / 50
5. When pH < 7.20, PaCOâ > 50 mmHg â what should be anticipated?
Severe respiratory acidosis; may require mechanical ventilation support.
6 / 50
6. What is the normal range of arterial pH?
The pH indicates acid-base balance; the normal value is 7.35â7.45.
7 / 50
7. Which oxygen delivery device provides the most accurate FiOâ?
Venturi mask provides precise oxygen concentration for COPD.
8 / 50
8. High PEEP levels can cause which complication?
Excessive PEEP increases intrathoracic pressure causing hypotension.
9 / 50
9. Increased pCOâ indicates which condition?
Higher COâ leads to carbonic acid accumulation, causing respiratory acidosis.
10 / 50
10. A patient with pH 7.10, PaCOâ 60 mmHg, HCOââģ 18 mEq/L â what is this?
Both respiratory and metabolic acidosis present â a mixed acidosis.
11 / 50
11. A patient on mechanical ventilation: pH 7.60, PaCOâ 20 mmHg, HCOââģ 22 mEq/L â what is the cause?
Over-ventilation removes too much COâ â respiratory alkalosis.
12 / 50
12. What is the normal range of bicarbonate (HCOââģ)?
HCOââģ represents the metabolic component; normal value 22â26 mEq/L.
13 / 50
13. In respiratory acidosis, the primary nursing intervention is what?
Aim is to improve ventilation and remove excess COâ.
14 / 50
14. A patient with pH 7.30, PaCOâ 60 mmHg, HCOââģ 35 mEq/L shows what pattern?
Low pH + high COâ = respiratory acidosis; high HCOââģ = partial compensation.
15 / 50
15. A patient on oxygen has PaOâ 58 mmHg and SaOâ 86%. What is this condition?
Low oxygen levels in arterial blood indicate hypoxemia.
16 / 50
16. pH 7.55, PaCOâ 25 mmHg, HCOââģ 24 mEq/L â what does it represent?
High pH + low COâ = respiratory alkalosis, no compensation.
17 / 50
17. A patient with PaOâ 55 mmHg despite high FiOâ â what is needed?
Indicates refractory hypoxemia; add or increase PEEP.
18 / 50
18. pH 7.36, PaCOâ 55 mmHg, HCOââģ 31 mEq/L â what does this show?
Normal pH with elevated COâ and HCOââģ = fully compensated respiratory acidosis.
19 / 50
19. A patient with renal failure has pH 7.22, PaCOâ 38 mmHg, HCOââģ 15 mEq/L. What does this indicate?
Kidney unable to excrete acids â metabolic acidosis, no compensation yet.
20 / 50
20. When both pH and PaCOâ are abnormal in opposite directions, the problem is primarily what?
Opposite direction change indicates respiratory origin.
21 / 50
21. What is the normal value of PaOâ/FiOâ ratio in a healthy individual?
Normal oxygenation index is > 300 mmHg; lower indicates ARDS.
22 / 50
22. Which ABG component reflects respiratory function directly?
PaCOâ reflects adequacy of ventilation and respiratory function.
23 / 50
23. A patient with shock and lactic acidosis shows pH 7.15, PaCOâ 28 mmHg, HCOââģ 12 mEq/L â interpretation?
Lactic acid accumulation â metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation.
24 / 50
24. What happens if FiOâ > 60% is maintained for a prolonged period?
Prolonged high oxygen causes oxygen toxicity damaging alveoli.
25 / 50
25. pH increases and pCOâ decreases â what does this represent?
Decreased COâ means less acid, indicating respiratory alkalosis.
26 / 50
26. A patient on loop diuretics has pH 7.50, PaCOâ 48 mmHg, HCOââģ 35 mEq/L â what condition is seen?
Diuretics cause bicarbonate retention â metabolic alkalosis with partial respiratory compensation.
27 / 50
27. A patient with severe vomiting shows pH 7.55, PaCOâ 50 mmHg, HCOââģ 40 mEq/L â interpretation?
Loss of gastric acid raises bicarbonate â partially compensated metabolic alkalosis.
28 / 50
28. A COPD patient presents with pH 7.34, PaCOâ 55 mmHg, HCOââģ 30 mEq/L â interpret this ABG.
Chronic COâ retention with renal compensation indicates fully compensated respiratory acidosis.
29 / 50
29. What is the normal range for arterial PaCOâ?
Normal PaCOâ is 35â45 mmHg; it reflects the respiratory component.
30 / 50
30. pH 7.25, PaCOâ 60 mmHg, HCOââģ 24 mEq/L â interpret this ABG.
Low pH + high COâ = respiratory acidosis.
31 / 50
31. A patient with anxiety hyperventilates, pH 7.55, PaCOâ 25 mmHg, HCOââģ 24 mEq/L â interpretation?
Excess COâ loss due to hyperventilation = uncompensated respiratory alkalosis.
32 / 50
32. A septic patient shows pH 7.48, PaCOâ 28 mmHg, HCOââģ 20 mEq/L â interpretation?
pH slightly high, both COâ and HCOââģ low â fully compensated respiratory alkalosis.
33 / 50
33. For metabolic acidosis, which is the most important nursing action?
Metabolic acidosis often due to renal failure or DKA; treat underlying cause.
34 / 50
34. Which ABG value primarily determines the need for oxygen therapy?
Low PaOâ indicates hypoxemia and need for oxygen support.
35 / 50
35. For a COPD patient, what is the ideal target SpOâ?
To avoid suppressing hypoxic drive, target 88â92% saturation.
36 / 50
36. pH 7.47, PaCOâ 48 mmHg, HCOââģ 30 mEq/L â interpret this result.
High pH + high HCOââģ = metabolic alkalosis; high COâ = partial respiratory compensation.
37 / 50
37. A patient with pH 7.20, PaCOâ 25 mmHg, HCOââģ 12 mEq/L â what is the condition?
Low pH + low HCOââģ = metabolic acidosis; low COâ = partial respiratory compensation.
38 / 50
38. pH 7.32, PaCOâ 50 mmHg, HCOââģ 28 mEq/L â what does this indicate?
Low pH + high COâ = respiratory acidosis; high HCOââģ = partial renal compensation.
39 / 50
39. Which ABG parameter represents metabolic (renal) component?
HCOââģ (bicarbonate) shows kidneyâs regulation of acid-base balance.
40 / 50
40. pH 7.40, PaCOâ 40 mmHg, HCOââģ 24 mEq/L â what is the interpretation?
All values within normal range = normal ABG.
41 / 50
41. Which of the following compensates for metabolic acidosis?
The lungs compensate by increasing respiratory rate to blow off COâ.
42 / 50
42. Which of the following ABG values indicate adequate oxygenation?
Normal PaOâ (80â100 mmHg) indicates adequate oxygenation.
43 / 50
43. A patient with COPD and chronic respiratory acidosis should be given oxygen therapy how?
COPD patients depend on hypoxic drive; give low-flow oxygen cautiously.
44 / 50
44. A patient with pH 7.50, PaCOâ 30 mmHg, HCOââģ 24 mEq/L is suffering from what?
High pH + low COâ = respiratory alkalosis.
45 / 50
45. In metabolic alkalosis, which system compensates first?
The respiratory system compensates quickly by hypoventilating to retain COâ.
46 / 50
46. In metabolic alkalosis, the nurse should monitor for which electrolyte imbalance?
Alkalosis often leads to hypokalemia due to intracellular shift of potassium.
47 / 50
47. What is the priority in respiratory alkalosis caused by anxiety?
Control hyperventilation by calming the patient and slowing breathing.
48 / 50
48. pH decreases and HCOââģ decreases â this suggests which condition?
Low pH and low bicarbonate indicate metabolic acidosis.
49 / 50
49. A patient with asthma exacerbation: pH 7.28, PaCOâ 60 mmHg, HCOââģ 26 mEq/L â interpretation?
Poor ventilation retains COâ â uncompensated respiratory acidosis.
50 / 50
50. pH 7.48, PaCOâ 40 mmHg, HCOââģ 29 mEq/L â interpret this ABG.
High pH + high bicarbonate = metabolic alkalosis.
āĻā§āĻāĻ āĻĒā§āĻ¨āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ
Exam āĻ¸āĻžāĻŦāĻā§āĻā§āĻ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨đ RAILđ WBCSđ WBHRB āĻ¸ā§āĻāĻžāĻĢ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¸đ āĻ āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋđ āĻāĻ¤āĻŋāĻšāĻžāĻ¸đ āĻāĻāĻ°ā§āĻāĻŋđ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻ āĻ ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĢā§āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¸đ āĻāĻŖāĻŋāĻ¤đ āĻā§āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨đ āĻā§āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻā§āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸đ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¸ āĻ¸ā§āĻ (āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ)đ āĻā§āĻā§āĻ˛đ āĻā§āĻ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨đ āĻŽāĻ āĻā§āĻ¸ā§āĻđ āĻ°āĻžāĻˇā§āĻā§āĻ°āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨đ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨đ RRB Group Dđ RRB NTPCđ āĻā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻ āĻ ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĢā§āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¸đ āĻā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻ āĻ ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĢā§āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¸
āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ āĻĒā§āĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻĒāĻŋ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŦā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž
